Title: The Landforms of the Holderness Coast New

Flamborough

[Image: Flamborough]

Flamborough Head

Flamborough is the headland that forms the most northerly point of the Holderness Coast.

[Image: Chalk cliffs at Flamborough]

Geology

The cliffs at Flamborough are formed from chalk. The chalk lies in distinct horizontal layers, formed from the remains of tiny sea creatures millions of years ago. Above the chalk at the top of the cliffs is a layer of till (glacial deposits) left behind by glaciers 18,000 years ago, during the last ice age.

True or false? Flamborough is the most southernly point on the Holderness Coast.

Q: True or false? Flamborough is the most southernly point on the Holderness Coast.
A: false
If right: Well done! Flamborough is the most northernly point on the Holderness Coast.
If wrong: Unfortunately, this is false! Flamborough is the most northernly point on the Holderness Coast.

What material forms the cliffs at Flamborough?

Q: What material forms the cliffs at Flamborough?
- Chalk (correct)
- Granite
- Sandstone

Q: What material was deposited on top of the cliffs 18,000 years ago?
- Boulder clay (correct)
- Sand
- Silt

Selwicks Bay, Flamborough

Selwicks Bay

Selwicks Bay, Flamborough contains a range of landforms of coastal erosion.

[Image: Selwicks Bay]

The Holderness Coast

Introduction to the Holderness Coast New

[Image: The Holderness Coast]

The Holderness Coast

The Holderness Coast is located on the East Yorkshire coast and extends 61km from Flamborough in the north to Spurn Point in the south.

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Location of Holderness

Q: Where is the Holderness Coast located?
- Eastern England in Yorkshire. (correct)
- Southern England in Yorkshire.
- Northern England in Yorkshire.

Q: How long is the Holderness Coast?
- 61 kms (correct)
- 71 kms
- 51 kms
- 81 kms

Q: True or false? The Holderness Coast runs from Flamborough in the north to Spurn Point in the south.
- True (correct)
- False

[Image: The lost villages of the Holderness Coast]

The Fastest Eroding Coastline in Europe

The Holderness Coastline is one of Europe’s fastest eroding at an average annual rate of around 2 metres per year. This is around 2 million tonnes of material every year. Approximately 3 miles (5kms) of land has been lost since Roman times including 23 towns/villages. These are shown on the map.

Rates of erosion

Q: What is the average annual rate of erosion along the Holderness Coast?
- 2m (correct)
- 1m
- 3m

Q: Approximately how much land has been lost from the Holderness Coast since Roman times?
- 3 miles (correct)
- 2 miles
- 1 mile

Q: How many settlements have been lost from the Holderness Coast since Roman times?
- 23 (correct)
- 24
- 25

[Image: The Holderness Coast]

The Geology of the Holderness Coast

Underlying the Holderness Coast is bedrock made up of Cretaceous Chalk. However, in most places, this is covered by glacial till deposited over 18,000 years ago. It is this soft boulder clay that is being rapidly eroded.

There are two main reasons why this area of coast is eroding so rapidly. The first is the result of the strong prevailing winds creating longshore drift that moves material south along the coastline. The second is that the cliffs are made of soft boulder clay which erodes rapidly when saturated.

Chalk cliffs

Boulder clay cliffs

Geology and Erosion

Q: True or false? The Holderness Coast has a bedrock of Cretaceous chalk. However, in most places it is covered by glacial till.
- True (correct)
- False

Q: Which of the following are the two main reasons why the Holderness Coast is eroding so rapidly?
- Strong prevailing winds creating destructive waves and cliffs to the south of Flamborough being formed from soft boulder clay. (correct)
- Strong prevailing winds creating destructive waves and cliffs to the south of Spurn Head being formed from soft boulder clay.
- Weak prevailing winds creating constructive waves and cliffs to the south of Flamborough being formed from soft boulder clay.

[Image: The Holderness Coast]

The Geology of the Holderness Coast

Underlying the Holderness Coast is bedrock made up of Cretaceous Chalk. However, in most places, this is covered by glacial till deposited over 18,000 years ago. It is this soft boulder clay that is being rapidly eroded.

There are two main reasons why this area of coast is eroding so rapidly. The first is the result of the strong prevailing winds creating longshore drift that moves material south along the coastline. The second is that the cliffs are made of soft boulder clay which erodes rapidly when saturated.

Chalk cliffs

Boulder clay cliffs

Landforms

Q: Where are landforms of erosion mainly found along the Holderness Coast?
- Flamborough Head (correct)
- Spurn Point
- Hornsea

Q: Where are landforms of deposition commonly found along the Holderness Coast?
- Spurn Point (correct)
- Flamborough Head
- Hornsea

The Landforms of the Holderness Coast